Clumping litter makes urine output visible: healthy adults typically leave two to four medium clumps daily, varying with water intake, size, and wet-food share.
Suddenly many large clumps may indicate polyuria linked to kidney disease, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism; small frequent clumps suggest lower urinary tract trouble.
Repeated straining with only tiny drops, blood, or crying to urinate are emergency signs; blockage in male cats can become life-threatening within a day.
Keep litter brand and scooping time consistent for comparability; in multi-cat homes, isolate temporarily or use monitoring tools when you cannot tell cats apart.
